For pregnant mares, administer a 2 ml dose im during the 5th, 7th and 9th months of pregnancy. Whole horse veterinary services equine viral respiratory. Equine viral rhinopneumonitis evr article about equine. Of or related to the equidae explanation of equine viral rhinopneumonitis evr. Communications branch agriculture catiad agriculture canada 0 ministre des approvisionnements minister of supply and services et. Jun 09, 2007 equine rhinopneumonitis virus ehv1 or equine abortion virus is a highly infectious disease that usually affects the respiratory system. It is the most important viral cause of respiratory infection in foals. Rhinomune ehv1 equine vaccine boehringer ingelheim rhino.
Transmission of the virus is efficient and outbreaks can spread rapidly in dense horse populations. Direct contact occurs when an infected horse and an uninfected horse come into contact with each other. Both viruses are ubiquitous in horse populations worldwide and produce an acute febrile respiratory disease upon primary infection, characterized by rhinopharyngitis and. Vaccinate healthy horses 3 months of age or older with two doses, 34 weeks apart. Research shows no evidence that equine rhinopneumonitis can be passed to other species or has any affect on other species. Equid alphaherpesvirus 1, formerly equine herpesvirus 1 ehv1, is a virus of the family herpesviridae that causes abortion, respiratory disease and occasionally neonatal mortality in horses. Introduction to international disaster management, second.
Veterinary diagnostic laboratory 33 gortner avenue st. Horses, inject one 1 ml dose intramuscularly using aseptic. Equine herpesvirus myeloencephalopathy ehm is another name for. Comparison of the equine reference sequence with its sanger source data and new illumina reads. Introduction equine viral rhinopneumonitis is a result of infection of equidae by equine her pesvirus 1 ehv1. These viruses are transmitted by direct and indirect contact with nasal secretions from infected animals and airborne secret. Director of ecology means director of the washington state department of ecology or duly authorized repre. Washington state register, issue 1006 wsr 1004087 3 proposed daylight hours means the hours between official sunrise and official sunset. Equid alphaherpesvirus 4, formerly equine herpesvirus 4 ehv4 is a virus of the family herpesviridae that cause rhinopneumonitis in horses. Equine rhinopneumonitis rhinopneumonitis is similar to the herpes virus and is known as the common cause of viral abortions. Like other herpes viruses, ehv4 causes a lifelong latent infection in affected animals. The abortogenic and neurologic strains of ehv1 are category 1 restricted matter under the biosecurity act 2014. Looking for online definition of equine viral rhinopneumonitis evr in the medical dictionary. For intramuscular vaccination of healthy horses 9 months of age or older as an aid in the prevention of respiratory diseases caused by the ehv 1p and ehv 1b viruses as well as for use in pregnant mares as an aid in the prevention of abortion due to ehv 1 infections.
If you become aware of the presence of ehv1, causing abortion or neurological disease in horses, you must report it as soon as practicable to biosecurity queensland on 25 23 or contact the emergency disease watch hotline on 1800 675 888. Fluvac ehv 41 is for intramuscular vaccination of healthy horses 10 months of age or older as an aid in the prevention of equine rhinopneumonitis due to types 1 and 4 viruses, and equine influenza due to type a 2 viruses. Equine herpesvirus1 ehv1 causes respiratory disease, neonatal death, abortion and neurologic disease. Transmission to humans requires mosquito species capable of creating a. There are more viruses in this family, but ehv 1, 3, and 4 pose the most serious health risks for domestic horses. In a video making the rounds on social media and tv news this week, a horse takes on an alligator at a florida state park. Equine herpesvirus type 1 ehv1 business queensland. Although these viruses share many characteristics, there are several key differences when it comes to controlling outbreaks.
Equine rhinopneumonitis erp virus, des cribed by doll et a1 1957, has been reported to. Washington state register, issue 1006 wsr 1004087 wsr. Ehv1 and ehv4 are endemic in very many domestic equine populations worldwide. Equine rhinopneumonitis virus herpesviridae horse diseases latent infection legislation nervous system diseases respiratory disorders serotypes viral diseases. The rhinopneumonitis virus has many different forms and can cause many different symptoms. Equine herpesviruses 4 equine rhinopneumonitis virus and 1 equine abortion virus. Attenuated live virus for use in healthy horses as an aid in the prevention of infections of rhinopneumonitis. The gator appears to be minding his own business, but the horse decides the gator is too close to her herdwhich includes a couple of foalsas they graze on the tall vegetation. Dec 10, 2014 rhinopneumonitis or rhino in horses is an inflammation of the mucosa of the nasal cavities and the lungs caused by the equine herpes virus. Aids in the prevention of abortion and respiratory disease associated with ehv1. The disease is highly infectious with transmission occurring by inhaling infected droplets or ingesting material contaminated by nasal discharges or through exposure to aborted diseasecarrying fetuses.
Equine herpes virus 1 ehv1, equine abortion virus, equine rhinopneumonitis equine herpes virus 4 ehv4 equine in. Foundations of virology free ebook download as pdf file. River valley news shopper, april 9, 2012 student loan. Find out information about equine viral rhinopneumonitis evr.
Equine rhinopneumonitis er is a collective term for any one of several contagious, clinical disease entities of equids that may occur as a result of infection by either of two closely related herpesviruses, equid herpesvirus1 and 4 ehv1 and ehv4. Risk factors for duration of equine rhinitis a virus. River valley news shopper, april 9, 2012 free download as pdf file. Problem and assignment for distinguishing the usher syndrome type. It contains authoritative guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of animal disorders and diseases. Clinical signs vary from subclinical to severe disease characterized by fever, lethargy, anorexia, nasal discharge, and cough. The main purpose of this study was to identify viral antigen in respiratory tract samples by immunoperoxidase staining.
It is also known as viral abortion since an abortion can result following respiratory and neurological problems. Meaning of equine viral rhinopneumonitis evr medical term. Thousands rss medical sources are combined and output via different filters. Herpesvirus ehv1 kv killed rhinopneumonitis vaccine. The merck veterinary manual has been a trusted source of animal health information for students and practicing veterinarians.
A fomite is an inanimate object that may be contaminated by an infectious organism and serve in their transmission. Upper respiratory tract infections can be caused by both equine herpesvirus type 1 ehv1 and equine herpesvirus type 4 ehv4 with the latter more common. Equine rhinopneumonitis equimed horse health matters. To date, nine ehvs have been identified, worldwide. Occasionally, the virus may also cause neurological disease. The other is equine herpes virus types 1 and 4, also known as rhinopneumonitis. Equine rhinopneumonitis ehv vaccines provide early prevention for this disease. Disclosed herein are methods, compositions, and vaccines formulations, kits, and reagents for developing a vaccine, e. Equine herpesvirus rhinopneumonitis featured equine herpesvirus type 1 ehv1 and equine herpesvirus type 4 ehv4 can each infect the respiratory tract, causing disease that varies in severity from subclinical to severe and is characterized by fever, lethargy, anorexia, nasal discharge, and cough. Contaminated surfaces such as clothing, buckets, footwear and even hands can cause the spread of the disease which means that even owners with just the one animal can put their horse at risk. This can result in dehydration and the foal will become depressed following infection of the equine rotavirus. Ecology including pathogenesis rhinopneumonitis only affects. We use cookies to make interactions with our website easy and meaningful, to better understand the use of our services, and to tailor advertising.
Routes of disease transmission and control measures for equine events used during the event, routinely clean and disinfect the troughs. This killed virus vaccine for healthy horses is designed to protect against respiratory disease caused by the equine herpes virus ehv1 and ehv4 both forms of rhinopneumonitis virus and equine influenza due to type a2 viruses including kentucky 97. The ehv1 allelic discrimination pcr assay will differentiate between wild type nonneurotropic and the neurotropic genotypes, also referred to as the n752 or a2254 genotype nonneuropathogenic. The virus is airborne and can travel through the air for short distances. Introduction to international disaster management introduction to international disaster management second edition damon p. Equine rhinopneumonitis is transmitted both directly and indirectly. Equine influnza is the most common cause of viral upper respiratory disease in horses.
The disease can progress in this way so that the young foal experiences runny, waterlike diarrhoea. Pathogenesis and clinical signs of equine herpesvirus1 in. The latent carrier state is essential the maintenance and spread of the the virus. Many barns did not let any outside horses into their facility. Revaccination every 3 months with a single dose is recommended.
For vaccination of healthy horses 6 months of age or older. Equine rhinopneumonitis virus veterinary diagnostic laboratory. If ehv1 dna is detected, the specimen will be further tested using the ehv1 allelic discrimination realtime pcr assay. This is a family of viruses which are named by numbers such as ehv 1, 3, 4. Pregnant mare should be vaccinated after the second month of pregnancy. Coppola amsterdam boston heidelberg london new york oxford paris san diego san francisco singapore sydney tokyo butterworthheinemann is an imprint of elsevier. Equine herpesvirus ehv, also known as equine rhinopneumonitis, is a highly infectious alphaherpesviridae found virtually worldwide. Equine herpesvirus type 1 ehv1 and type 4 ehv4 are highly contagious pathogens responsible for a variety of symptoms in horses including mild to moderate respiratory disease, fever, poor appetite, and depression.
Transmission likely occurs by inhaling infected droplets or ingesting material contaminated by nasal discharges or aborted fetuses. Equine rhinopneumonitis department of primary industries. Equine rhinopneumonitis in horses symptoms, causes. The disease was described first by investigators in our. Dec 03, 2019 eastern equine encephalitis virus eeev is maintained in a cycle between culiseta melanura mosquitoes and avian hosts in freshwater hardwood swamps.
Abortions can be caused at any time during pregnancy, but more often in the last four months of the gestation period. Equine rhinopneumonitis vaccine killed virus equivac innovatorehv14 for vaccination of healthy horses 10 months of age or older as an aid in the prevention of equine rhinopneumonitis due to type 1 and 4 viruses. The ehv realtime pcr panel includes screening for ehv1 and ehv4 viruses. Primary indications for use of equine herpesvirus vaccines include prevention of ehv1induced abortion, and reduction of severity and duration of signs of respiratory tract disease rhinopneumonitis in foals, weanlings, yearlings, young performance and show horses that are at high risk for exposure. Jan 21, 2020 equine competitions and gatherings around the area cancelled their functions until the outbreak passed. Equine herpesvirus infection respiratory system merck. Equine viral rhinopneumonitis evr definition of equine. Equine rhinopneumonitis, or equine viral rhinopneumonitis, is a highly contagious disease. Equine rhinopneumonitis virus ehv1 or equine abortion virus is a highly infectious disease that usually affects the respiratory system.
Equine viral rhinopneumonitis definition of equine viral. The most common of these affect the respiratory tract, type 1 ehv1, and type 4 ehv4. This virus lives only in horses and has several distinct types, which can cause a whole range of illnesses respiratory, neurologic, reproductive, neonatal. Latency is a reversible state, so the virus can deactivate and reactivate when production deems fit. There are two forms of equine herpes virus 1 ehv 1. Equine herpesvirus equine rhinopneumonitis virus ehv 1. Ehv1, ehv3 and ehv4 pose the highest disease risk in the u. Equineaerosol transmission actinobacillus equuli anthrax bacillus anthracis aspergillus spp. Equine herpesvirus 1 ehv1 and equine herpesvirus 4 ehv4 comprise two antigenically distinct groups of viruses previously referred to as subtypes 1 and 2 of ehv1. Nov 21, 2019 equine rhinopneumonitis is a collective term for any one of several contagious, clinical disease entities of equids that may occur as a result of infection by either of two closely related herpesviruses, equid herpesvirus1ehv1 and equid herpesvirus4 ehv4.
As it damages the intestinal lining, the equine rotavirus reduces the ability for the cells to absorb water and other materials. The virus which causes equine viral rhinopneumonitis is transmitted via infected aerosol droplets inhaled by the horse. Routes of disease transmission and control measures for. Also described herein are methods for identifying a peptide for use in developing a viral vaccine, such as a viral vaccine against an influenza virus.